Remember your grandmother’s old tv that lasted 20 years, or, more recently, when you were able to replace your cellphone battery in the beginning of this century?

This is supposed to be the original IBM PC (their first one). Image obtained with thanks from dottavi on Flickr

This is supposed to be the original IBM PC (their first one).
Image obtained with thanks from dottavi on Flickr.

Today, if your cellphone or tablet PC battery malfunctions, you are “expected to replace the whole unit”, which is the entire tablet, as some manufacturers’ customer service representatives would say. Tablet PCs are new, so they started out like this, but cellphones were from a time when batteries were always replaceable.

The environmental and economic impact of increasingly irreparable and unreliable electronics is profound because most people use at least some of these electronics, and they replace them every two years, even large, expensive electronics such as television sets last only a few years. The cost of replacing these devices adds up.

Even one replacement will cost at least hundreds of USD, to put that into perspective.

Imagine replacing a $700 USD laptop, a $200 tablet, and an $800 tv every 6 years. Now add to that a $200 cellphone every two years. The cellphone would cost $600 in that time period, and, combined with the cost of the other electronics, these three things alone costs $2,300, and that isn’t everything. There are other devices including printers, video game consoles, headphones, earphones, docking stations, stereo systems, etc.

Whether or not you can afford to spend this much money, it is unacceptably expensive to most budgets, and it results in a massive amount of electronic waste, which can affect everyone. Electronic waste generally does not decompose in an acceptable manner, they leech toxic materials, including heavy metals, as well as plastics into the soil, and sometimes into aquifers (underground rivers).

By the way, underground rivers are part of the same network of rivers that you get drinking water from.

Buy spongy cases for your cellphones, and ensure that they fit comfortably before you buy them. I see what happens when people buy cases and end up not using them, but they don’t want to waste money buying additional ones. My cellphones all lasted several years, and they still work. They have cases, and they are on for most of the day, every day (which increases wear on them due to heat degradation).

Energy Efficiency Improvements

The efficiency of appliances and electronics has been improving. However, if your old appliances are in good working condition, it is best to keep them for now. The longer you keep them, the more efficient your next upgrade will be, and the greater your next upgrade will be overall, so you will feel good about spending the money to buy a new washer or refrigerator, because it will actually be a big step up.

Also, please try to buy the most reliable brands and product classes you can find. E-mail manufacturers and demand that they scale back “planned obsolescence”, and build more reliable products as well. They do focus on consumer’s priorities when they are taken seriously.

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The largest wind farm in the Southern Hemisphere is mow complete. It was built in Australia.

Macarthur Wind Park

Macarthur Wind Farm. Click it for the wallpaper size.
Image obtained with thanks from Vestas.

It is the Macarthur wind farm, and it has an electricity generation capacity of 420 MW (420,000 kW, or 0.42 GW). The project cost $1 billion Australian dollars ($1.05 billion US dollars when $1 AUD was $1.05 USD).

With this project, Vestas has installed more than 50% of Australia’s wind energy capacity (this is 50% of the combined power generation capacity of Australia’s wind farms). This project was also the first to use the Vestas V112-3.0 MW wind turbine.

Source: Vestas Pressroom

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Hospitals and basic health units in Pakistan are among those that will receive electricity due to the installation of a 300 MW (300,000 kW/300 million watts) solar power plant in Pakistan.

This plant is to be built in on 1,500 acres of land in Khuchlack and Pishin to provide electricity to underdeveloped regions that are suffering from electricity shortages, and communities without electricity. Read about the importance of electricity.

The plant will be near Quetta, which is Balochistan’s largest city.

There are also 220 kV (220,000 volts) electricity transmission cables being built in Loralai DG, and Dhadu-Khuzdar which are to be completed next year to help reduce the need for load-shedding.

Load-shedding is literally the shedding of electricity loads. Buildings are loads, and they are shed by shutting off their power during electricity shortages to prevent electricity grid voltage sag, which causes brownouts and blackouts. Voltage sag is a voltage decrease caused when electric current is drawn from a power supply.

Additional electricity transmission lines can help this by connecting more power plants to the electricity grid to assist the overburdened ones.

Source: PV-Magazine.com

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Smart City San Diego, with the mayor, unveiled their solar-powered electric vehicle project at Balboa Park.

Video obtained with thanks from  on Youtube.

In this case, solar panels directly charge the vehicles, rather than the traditional net metering approach, which involves charging the vehicles with power from the local utility company, and then offsetting that by supplying the electricity generated by the solar panels back to the electricity grid.

So these vehicles draw electricity from the solar panel, not the electricity grid.

The solar panels generate up to 90 kW of electricity, which can power up to 59 homes, assuming that the homes consume an average of 1.53 kW of electricity hourly (this fluctuates, but this is what all those spikes and dips averages out to).

This could power up to 72 typical American homes which consume an average of 1.25 kW hourly, and use 900 kWh of electricity monthly.

Source: Mediaroom.com

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Researchers at Stanford University developed a solar-powered generator made of purely carbon. This is also known as a photovoltaic cell, which is the most common type of solar-powered generator.

Stanford’s all-carbon solar cell. Image obtained with thanks from the Stanford website .

Photovoltaic cells are the electricity-generating parts of a solar panel. Solar panels are just a protective housing for solar cells, which are fragile semiconductor devices.

The significance of this invention is due to the abundance and low cost of carbon. Unlike typical silicon wafer solar cells which are often rigid, it is deposited onto a substrate (surface) from a liquid solution.

Thin film solar cells were invented long ago, but, this is just a perk which makes it easy to manufacture solar cells using small amounts of the semiconductor material required, and it facilitates the manufacture of flexible and non-flat solar panels in general.

Source: Stanford Website

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Researchers at the Tokyo University of Science, led by Shinichi Komaba developed a battery made partly of sucrose-derived carbon, as well as sodium. These sugar batteries store 20% more energy than batteries made with traditional non-sugar derived carbon.

Sugar Cubes. Photo obtained with thanks from Uwe Hermann on Flickr: http://www.flickr.com/photos/uwehermann/

The significance of this technology lies in the fact that it is made of the abundant, cheap, and renewable materials sucrose and sodium.

Lithium-ion batteries are made of 1.5% to 3% lithium, and, while lithium is rare in its pure state, it is obtained from more abundant compounds such as lithium carbonate and lithium chloride.

The availability of lithium is currently not an issue, but, it is a metal, and most metals are finite. I should add that countries which are unable to obtain lithium because of embargoes with lithium-producing countries would need battery technology as universal as this because sodium and sugar can be obtained by everyone in the world. Sodium and sugar do occur naturally everywhere.

Read more about the sustainability of lithium-ion batteries here.

Source: Discovery

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