Nicholas

I have a keen interest in environmental science and electricity generation. I strive to learn as much as I can about them and help my readers to gain a more intricate understanding of them. I believe that depth of understanding is very important, especially because it leads to innovation.

 

I have seen many debates about how little electric vehicles have improved since their inception.

2013 Nissan Leaf EV

2013 Nissan Leaf Interior.
Image obtained with thanks from Nissan.

Those which believe electric vehicles haven’t improved much cite the fact that some old electric cars from more than 10 years ago achieved the same range as today’s. Their opposition stated that electric vehicles are improving, and that they are the best alternative to gasoline-powered cars.

I decided to investigate and find the truth. That is what let to the creation of this website in the first place. I started researching and analysing debates, and found flaws fairly often, so I needed an outlet to post my corrections to these repetitive issues to enlighten people so they could finally move on, so that is how this website came to be.

The GM EV1 is commonly used in these discussions. Its range was stated to be 70 to 100 miles, while today’s Nissan Leaf achieves 73 miles per charge, and its range is now on the lower end of the electric vehicle market. Even the much larger 2013 RAV4 crossover SUV achieves 100 miles.

The Tesla Model S, which is a luxury sports car that seats seven can achieve over 260 miles of range per charge, that is a significant improvement over the EV1, which, in its day was a technological milestone.

100 miles was a milestone in the 90s, and now a car would have to exceed 300 miles, so, the range of electric vehicles improves significantly. Prototype battery technology can provide up to 1,000 miles of range per charge, and range options keep increasing.

It isn’t fair to compare the EV1 to the Nissan Leaf because the Nissan Leaf is a modern, 4-door, 4 seat car with modern features. The EV1 was a very basic, tiny, subcompact car with only two seats, and it was built with a plastic body.

Even its shape was unusually aerodynamic.

As for performance, the Tesla Roadster accelerates from 0 to 60 MPH in 3.9 seconds, which most cars (whether gasoline or electric) cannot do, so that is another major improvement for electric vehicles. They were very slow 100 years ago.

Charge time for the EV1 was 8 hours using a 220 volt power outlet. Today, that is how long it takes using a 120 volt outlet, and vehicles like the Chevy Spark can charge to 80% of their capacity in 20 minutes.

My conclusion is that electric vehicles have improved significantly since their inception. Much of this is attributable to battery technology improvements.

The EV 1 was manufactured between 1996 and 1999, and the Nissan Leaf 2011 to present.

 

Remember your grandmother’s old tv that lasted 20 years, or, more recently, when you were able to replace your cellphone battery in the beginning of this century?

This is supposed to be the original IBM PC (their first one). Image obtained with thanks from dottavi on Flickr

This is supposed to be the original IBM PC (their first one).
Image obtained with thanks from dottavi on Flickr.

Today, if your cellphone or tablet PC battery malfunctions, you are “expected to replace the whole unit”, which is the entire tablet, as some manufacturers’ customer service representatives would say. Tablet PCs are new, so they started out like this, but cellphones were from a time when batteries were always replaceable.

The environmental and economic impact of increasingly irreparable and unreliable electronics is profound because most people use at least some of these electronics, and they replace them every two years, even large, expensive electronics such as television sets last only a few years. The cost of replacing these devices adds up.

Even one replacement will cost at least hundreds of USD, to put that into perspective.

Imagine replacing a $700 USD laptop, a $200 tablet, and an $800 tv every 6 years. Now add to that a $200 cellphone every two years. The cellphone would cost $600 in that time period, and, combined with the cost of the other electronics, these three things alone costs $2,300, and that isn’t everything. There are other devices including printers, video game consoles, headphones, earphones, docking stations, stereo systems, etc.

Whether or not you can afford to spend this much money, it is unacceptably expensive to most budgets, and it results in a massive amount of electronic waste, which can affect everyone. Electronic waste generally does not decompose in an acceptable manner, they leech toxic materials, including heavy metals, as well as plastics into the soil, and sometimes into aquifers (underground rivers).

By the way, underground rivers are part of the same network of rivers that you get drinking water from.

Buy spongy cases for your cellphones, and ensure that they fit comfortably before you buy them. I see what happens when people buy cases and end up not using them, but they don’t want to waste money buying additional ones. My cellphones all lasted several years, and they still work. They have cases, and they are on for most of the day, every day (which increases wear on them due to heat degradation).

Energy Efficiency Improvements

The efficiency of appliances and electronics has been improving. However, if your old appliances are in good working condition, it is best to keep them for now. The longer you keep them, the more efficient your next upgrade will be, and the greater your next upgrade will be overall, so you will feel good about spending the money to buy a new washer or refrigerator, because it will actually be a big step up.

Also, please try to buy the most reliable brands and product classes you can find. E-mail manufacturers and demand that they scale back “planned obsolescence”, and build more reliable products as well. They do focus on consumer’s priorities when they are taken seriously.

 

The Billa supermarket in Austria is started selling pre-peeled bananas. They are sold in the same plastic and foam packaging that apples and various other fruits are. Unfortunately, that type of packaging is more difficult to remove than it is to simply peel bananas.

Bananas are the one type of fruit that I was able to peel almost effortlessly without knives, and which does not require plastic or foam packaging. They don’t even require refrigeration.

However, once they are sold without their skin, they require refrigeration, they don’t last long, they brown and become slop-like unless chemicals are added to preserve them. Pre-peeled fruits also tend to be more expensive, as more time and effort are required to produce them.

This new plastic and foam packaging will most likely not properly biodegrade and augment the environmental issue of plastic waste.

This new packaging method provides no benefits.

Source: Gizmodo

 

At the University of Guam, a 1 kW wind turbine was installed. It is being used as a demonstration of how the island of Guam can reduce its reliance on imported fuels.

The University of Guam’s sustainability director for the Centre for Island Sustainability, Elvie Tyler, said the turbine is being used by students as an educational tool to collect data and study renewable energy application on Guam. It is also powering an electric car.

The turbine was installed at the Sustainable Model Home at UOG’s house No. 32 in the Dean’s Circle, according to Tyler.

That house was also equipped with a solar oven, solar panels, and a rainwater harvesting system.

Source: Guampdn.com

 

Environmentalists have been focused on the environmental issues associated with hydraulic fracturing, which is a relatively recent process used to obtain natural gas. This is perfectly understandable.

Natural Gas Flaring

Natural Gas Flare. Image obtained with thanks from Sustainable Economies Law Center on Flickr.

However, Natural gas produced as a byproduct of oil exploration activities is often “flared” (burned) and vented to dispose of it, which amounts to a whopping 140 billion cubic metres of wastage per year, which is equivalent to 30% of the Europe Union’s annual natural gas consumption.

Also note that natural gas (95% methane) is 20 times more potent a greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide is, so it is best to put it to use, rather than vent it. Flaring is also wasteful, so it should be used to generate electricity and save the finite natural gas reserves that the world is relying on.

Instead of hydraulic fracturing, natural gas/methane should be utilized wherever it comes from. It is a valuable, finite resource, and should not be wasted.

Manufactures, like Sierra Instruments, are designing high performance flow meters to assist oil producers in more accurate measurements and enable them to control gas flow. Not only are these flow meters used to help with meeting regulations, but more accurate measurements lead to increased efficiency and significant cost savings.

Fortunately, a GGFR partnership including the U.S NOAA has reduced this waste by 20%.

Source: World Bank

 

Recessed lighting involves the use of light bulbs in recessed fixtures (meaning they are inside the ceiling, rather than attached to the outside of it).

Recessed light schemes often involve using many light bulbs (more than 5) (upwards of 25 watts each if incandescent, and upwards of 14 watts if fluorescent) to light only one room. This results in a combined wattage ranging from 125 watts to 375 watts per room, which will require 2.25 kWh per day (67.5 kWh per month), assuming the lights are operated for six hours per day. That translates to a cost of $7.42 USD per room, per month, assuming an electricity cost of $0.11 per kWh.

If electricity costs $0.40 like it does in Jamaica, for example, that is $27 USD ($2,619 JMD) per room, per month, assuming that 1 USD = 97 JMD.

Recessed Lightning – Image obtained with thanks from mccun934 on Flickr: http://www.flickr.com/photos/mccun934/

This is what I use and would recommend:

Non-recessed Light Receptable – Image obtained with thanks from dpstyles on Flickr: http://www.flickr.com/photos/dpstyles/

 

The most efficient room lighting method I have used so far is a single 15 watt fluorescent bulb for a 130 square foot room (which is mounted on the ceiling). This is 360 watts less, and is certainly worth it.

It lights the room just as brightly as 5 typical recessed lamps and requires only 2.7 kWh per month, which costs $0.29 USD at an electricity cost of $0.11 per kWh, and $1.08 USD ($104 JMD), at an electricity cost of $0.40 per kWh.

 

The largest wind farm in the Southern Hemisphere is mow complete. It was built in Australia.

Macarthur Wind Park

Macarthur Wind Farm. Click it for the wallpaper size.
Image obtained with thanks from Vestas.

It is the Macarthur wind farm, and it has an electricity generation capacity of 420 MW (420,000 kW, or 0.42 GW). The project cost $1 billion Australian dollars ($1.05 billion US dollars when $1 AUD was $1.05 USD).

With this project, Vestas has installed more than 50% of Australia’s wind energy capacity (this is 50% of the combined power generation capacity of Australia’s wind farms). This project was also the first to use the Vestas V112-3.0 MW wind turbine.

Source: Vestas Pressroom

 

The average cost to repair conventional automobiles increased in the US for the first time in 6 years, but the cost to repair hybrid cars decreased.

The most expensive automobile repair was the replacement of hybrid vehicle inverters, which cost $4,098. However, the cost of that decreased by almost 5%. The most expensive automobile repair job is now the replacement of the transmission and reprogramming of the electronic control module in conventional automobiles, and that costs more than $5,400.

“Another reason hybrid repair costs are believed to have dropped is the number of technicians qualified to repair them has increased, as has the number of suppliers of hybrid-specific parts.”, according to hybridCARS.

Source: hybridCARS

 

The comedians Andy Cobb and Mike Damanskis developed a satirical video titled “Exxon – Energy Everywhere” in light of a recent oil spill in Arkansas to raise awareness of the potential for future, widespread oil spills.

Andy Cobb’s take on the video: “America’s oil industry is terribly misunderstood. When a lot of people hear “364 pipeline spills in 2012″ they think it’s a big mess, like a nearly realized advent calendar of crap. What they fail to see is a revolutionary energy distribution system about to achieve NATIONWIDE COVERAGE.

And remember, that’s not just gas or oil flowing through the streets of Arkansas–it’s dilbit, the thick toxic hydrocarbon stew produced by tarsands. So roam wherever, and take your energy source with you! That s–t is sticky as hell, it’s not like you’re going to be able to get it off.”

Source: Mike Damanskis

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According to a Photovoltaikzentrum report, the cost of turnkey photovoltaic solar  power plants decreased by 40% from 2001 to 2012.

Photovoltaic Solar Power Plant

Solar Power Plant – Obtained with thanks from Bert Van Dijk on Flickr.

Turnkey solar power plants are pre-built with the equipment necessary to operate so that installers can just connect them and they will work, as opposed to traditional solar power plants, which contain many separate parts  such as an inverter, batteries, charge controller, separate solar panels, that have to be set up manually, and some of them even have to be built on site, such as mounting equipment.

Turnkey solar power plants are important because they reduce the amount of labour required to assemble solar power plants. The labour cost of building solar power plants is extremely high (near the cost of solar panels themselves).

Source: PV-Magazine.com

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